Introduction

Molybdenum is an essential trace mineral required for the activity of several important enzymes involved in detoxification, metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids, and breakdown of certain toxins in the body.

What Is Molybdenum?

Molybdenum is a trace element that acts as a cofactor for enzymes essential to normal metabolic and detoxification processes.

• Type: Essential trace mineral
• Main role: Enzyme activation and detoxification
• Storage: Small amounts in liver and kidneys

How Molybdenum Works in the Body

Molybdenum is a key component of enzymes such as sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, and aldehyde oxidase.

• Helps metabolize sulfur-containing amino acids
• Supports detoxification of sulfites and aldehydes
• Plays a role in purine metabolism
• Supports normal cellular metabolism

Sources of Molybdenum

• Legumes (lentils, beans)
• Whole grains
• Nuts and seeds
• Milk and dairy products
• Leafy vegetables

Molybdenum Deficiency

Molybdenum deficiency is extremely rare but may occur in individuals on long-term intravenous nutrition without supplementation.

Possible deficiency symptoms include:

• Headaches
• Nausea
• Rapid heart rate
• Sensitivity to sulfites
• Neurological symptoms (very rare)

Dosage & How to Take Molybdenum

• Adults: 45 mcg/day
• Pregnancy: 50 mcg/day
• Breastfeeding: 50 mcg/day
• Upper limit: 2000 mcg/day

Most people meet their molybdenum needs through diet alone.

Forms of Molybdenum

• Sodium molybdate
• Ammonium molybdate
• Chelated molybdenum
• Molybdenum in multivitamins

Benefits & Uses

• Supports detoxification pathways
• Helps metabolize sulfites
• Supports enzyme activity
• Maintains normal metabolic function
• Supports cellular health

Safety, Side Effects & Precautions

• Generally safe at dietary levels
• Excess intake may interfere with copper metabolism
• High-dose supplementation should be avoided
• Use supplements only under medical supervision

Special Populations

• Individuals with sulfite sensitivity: May benefit under guidance
• People on long-term IV nutrition: Require monitoring
• Elderly: Usually meet needs through diet
• People with metabolic disorders: Intake should be assessed by professionals

Frequently Asked Questions

What does molybdenum do in the body?

Molybdenum supports enzyme activity and helps detoxify sulfites and other compounds.

Is molybdenum deficiency common?

No. Deficiency is extremely rare in healthy individuals.

Can molybdenum be taken daily?

Yes. Daily intake from food is safe and sufficient.

Can too much molybdenum be harmful?

Yes. Excessive intake may interfere with copper balance.

Best natural source of molybdenum?

Legumes, whole grains, nuts, and seeds.